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中宣部要求各地各新闻单位认真开展2023年“新春走基层”活动******

　　新华社北京1月5日电 近日，中宣部发出通知，要求各地各新闻单位认真开展“新春走基层”活动，组织编辑记者深入基层一线采访报道，不断增强“脚力、眼力、脑力、笔力”，全面反映各地统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展取得的积极成效，生动展示广大人民群众欢乐祥和过春节的喜人景象，齐心协力营造喜庆安康、昂扬向上的节日氛围。

　　通知要求，宣传各地区各部门学习贯彻党的二十大精神的新举措新进展新成效，跟踪报道党的二十大基层党代表学习贯彻党的二十大精神情况，鲜活反映基层群众自身工作生活的点滴变化和切身感受，持续推动党的二十大精神在基层落地生根，凝聚广大干部群众团结奋进力量。根据中央经济工作会议精神，客观准确报道各地努力克服疫情影响推进经济高质量发展情况，全面反映各地区各部门稳字当头、稳中求进的举措成效，充分挖掘过去一年中各地经济社会的发展亮点、重点行业企业应变克难的生动案例，宣传好我国创新引领持续加强、新产业新产品增势较好、新业态较为活跃等多方面积极因素，教育引导广大基层干部群众统一认识、迎难而上，坚定经济回稳向上的信心决心。全面反映各地区各部门优化调整疫情防控举措，积极解决春节期间群众就医用药、特殊人群保障等涉疫热点难点问题，采访节日期间各领域坚守疫情防控一线的基层党员干部，特别是医疗卫生、物流快递行业人员的动人故事，生动展示各地群众积极理性应对病毒感染、社区邻里之间互助友爱、企业复工复产、城市恢复烟火气的真实场景，不断鼓舞群众战胜疫情的信心。宣传各地区各部门强化节日市场保供稳价、加强煤电油气调节，确保春节市场平稳、群众温暖安全过节的有力举措；采访铁路班组、民航机组等交通运输行业工作人员，基层公安民警，消防救援队伍，边防哨所基层官兵等各行各业坚守岗位的奋斗者，讲述他们默默奉献、保障经济社会正常运转的感人故事；及时报道各级领导干部和社会各方面深入基层一线，特别是深入受灾地区、脱贫地区、乡村振兴重点帮扶县，对因疫因灾遇困群众和老弱病残等特殊群体开展帮扶救助、走访慰问和志愿服务活动的感人场景。报道各地区各部门结合优化疫情防控措施开展丰富多彩的节庆文化活动，大力弘扬社会主义核心价值观和中华优秀传统文化，持续宣传好各地组织的传统民俗、年俗活动，生动展示各地群众阖家团圆、高高兴兴过大年的热闹情景，反映各地基层群众文化生活的新趣味新时尚，突出地域特色和时代气息，展现中华文化多样性，充分彰显春节的文化魅力。

　　通知要求，认真组织专题专栏报道，中央和各省区市主要新闻单位在重要版面、重要时段、网站首页、客户端首屏等，统一开设“新春走基层”专栏，每天要保证一定的刊播总量；及时反映活动进展情况，活动结束后适时刊播综述、评论、记者感言等，反映编辑记者的心得体会。

　　通知指出，各新闻单位要根据各地疫情防控形势，科学合理统筹报道力量，充分调动编辑记者参与的积极性、主动性；坚持“短实新”报道文风，多用群众语言、百姓视角，客观平实反映基层群众关心的话题、身边发生的故事；用好新兴传播技术和平台渠道，多采用短视频、微视频等群众喜闻乐见的传播形式，不断提升正能量。

　　《光明日报》（ 2023年01月06日 03版）

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）